George Draper Dayton died in He left only a modest personal fortune, having given away millions of dollars to charity. World War II did not hamper business; rather, Dayton's turned the war into an asset. Consumer goods were so scarce that it was no longer necessary to persuade shoppers to buy what merchandise was available. Sales volume increased dramatically thanks to Dayton's managers, who obtained goods to keep the store full. Nelson Dayton was scrupulous about complying with the government's wartime control of business and when, for instance, the government carried out its drive for scrap metal, he ordered the store's electric sign dismantled and added to the scrap heap.
Until Nelson Dayton's death in , the company was run along the strict moral lines of his father, its founder. In January Dayton's became one of the first stores in the nation to offer its workers a retirement policy, followed in by a comprehensive insurance policy. With Nelson Dayton's death in , Dayton Company embarked on a new era. Instead of one-man rule, the company was led by a team of five Dayton cousins, although one of them, Nelson's son Donald Dayton, assumed the title of president.
The prohibition of liquor in the store's dining rooms was dropped, and soon Dayton Company would be completely secularized, advertising and doing business on Sunday. The new management of Dayton Company undertook radical and costly innovations. In the J. Hudson Company, which would eventually merge with Dayton's, opened the world's largest shopping mall in suburban Detroit. It was a great success, and two years later Dayton Company decided to build a mall on a acre plot of land outside of Minneapolis.
Horrified to learn that Minneapolis had only good shopping days a year, the architect decided to build a mall under cover; Southdale, the first fully enclosed shopping mall in history, was the result, with Dayton's as one of its anchor stores. The safe, conservative management style favored by George Draper Dayton and his son Nelson passed into history; a younger, more aggressive management pushed for radical expansion and innovation would follow in its wake.
The company established the discount chain Target in , opening the first unit in Roseville, Minnesota, and in decided to enter the highly competitive market of retail bookselling, opening B. Dalton Bookstores. In the company changed its name to Dayton Corporation and made its first public stock offering. Hudson to form Dayton Jewelers.
Also in the company acquired department stores in Oregon and Arizona. The following year brought the acquisition of J. Caldwell, a Philadelphia-based chain of jewelry stores, and Lechmere, a Boston retailer. The year also saw a major acquisition: the Detroit-based J. Hudson Company, a department store chain that had been in existence since Since , 5 percent of Dayton Company's taxable income was donated to the foundation, which continued to be the case after the merger. Dayton Hudson bought two more jewelers in C.
Peacock, Inc. Jessop and Sons of San Diego. California-based Mervyn's, a line of moderate-price department stores, merged with Dayton Hudson in Also in the Target chain become Dayton Hudson's largest producer of revenue, eclipsing the department stores upon which the firm was founded. Dayton Hudson bought Ayr-Way, an Indianapolis-based chain of 50 discount stores, in , and converted those units to Target stores.
In , meantime, the operations of the company's two full-service department stores were combined into a new unit called the Dayton Hudson Department Store Company, though the Dayton's and Hudson's units themselves retained their separate identities. The late s found the company the focus of an unsolicited takeover bid by the Dart Group , which would involve lawsuits by both parties before a stock market crash in October ended the takeover attempt. A second attempt at takeover of the company would be made nine years later, when rival J.
Penney Company, Inc. The offer, which analysts considered an undervaluation of the company's worth, was rebuffed. Venerable Marshall Field's was as much a landmark in the Chicago area as Dayton's was in Minneapolis and the Hudson's stores were in Detroit; the acquisition added 24 department stores to Dayton Hudson's Department Store division while also doubling its department store retail space.
While the Dayton's, Hudson's, and Marshall Field's department stores offered the monied customer more costly and sophisticated merchandise, the popular Target and Mervyn's catered to the budget-conscious customer, offering apparel and recreational items on a self-service basis.
With the approach of the 21st century, Target continued to be Dayton Hudson Corporation's biggest moneymaker, combining a successful business mix of clean, easy-to-navigate stores with quality, trend-responsive merchandise.
The year saw the opening of the first of over 50 expanded Target Greatland stores; in , following the lead of such rivals as Wal-Mart and Kmart, the company opened its first SuperTarget, which combined the chain's successful general merchandise mix with a grocery store.
Businessman George Dayton first dipped into the department store business in , when he became a partner in Minneapolis' Goodfellow's Dry Goods Company, according to Target's website. By , he bought up the entire business and renamed it the Dayton Dry Goods Company. Eight years later, the company was re-dubbed the Dayton Company.
The department store business thrived in the Roaring Twenties and also endured the Great Depression, although its founder and namesake did pass away in at the age of Dayton's son George N. Dayton took the helm of the company that his father founded, followed by his son Donald 12 years later. The Dayton Company began looking further than the city of Minneapolis in , according to Target's website. That's the year that the first Dayton's location opened up in Rochester, a Minnesota city about an hour and a half away from Minneapolis.
That march to the suburbs continued throughout the s, as the company that would ultimately become Target expanded into shopping malls in the region around Minneapolis. The s brought about the biggest changes yet for the retailer.
The Dayton Company began setting its sights on the world of discounting, and its plans for a new chain went public in The new store concept's name? Former Dayton's executive Stewart K. Widdess and his team wanted their new retailer to "hit the center bulls-eye" in terms of service and products, according to Target's website.
The first ever Target store opened that same year, on May 1 in Roseville, Minnesota. Four years later, Target came to Denver, its first foray outside of Minnesota, according to the Target website. Part toy store and part larger-than-life holiday playground, Target Wonderland merges the physical and digital retail experience to reimagine holiday shopping for its guests.
Our guests love products with a great backstory, so in March, we introduce Target Collective, a collection of brands with impeccably crafted, locally produced goods. In June, three new brands join the mix—Stone and Cloth, Parks Project and Shwood—with more clothing, bags and eyewear for men and women. Our action-packed, stop-motion Avengers: Age of Ultron TV spots send toy heroes on an adventure through the Target store and parking lot. We team up with the Charles M. Schulz Museum on an exclusive cross-category collection to celebrate The Peanuts Movie.
The piece collection features style and home products from apparel to patio furniture. When the big day arrives, guests go wild for the colorful prints.
Our teams continue to test new ideas and technology that will help us take the shopping experience to a new level. Later, we introduce a project called LA25, with plans to test some of our top enhancements in 25 of our Los Angeles-area stores to study the power they have on guest experience and sales.
We also pilot on-demand grocery delivery through a partnership with Instacart, and improve on other flexible fulfillment options like ship-from-store and order pickup. In the fall, we launch an international version of our website, allowing guests overseas to shop online, and those in the U. Guests get excited for new Target collections featuring styles that look great on all body shapes and sizes.
Top fashion bloggers Nicolette Mason, Chastity Garner and Gabi Gregg preview the Spring collection and give our design team input for the Fall collection.
It features swimwear and accessories specially designed to flatter all body types. Inclusivity is a core belief at Target, and we proudly stand with the LGBT community through our volunteerism, partnerships and products.
In June, we share our TakePride manifesto and celebrate Pride Month with sponsored events and a new merchandise collection. In September, we sign on to the Equality Act, taking a stand with other businesses against workplace discrimination. To help guests celebrate the love they have for their own backyard, Target teams up with designer Todd Snyder on a series of exclusive, city-specific product collections including t-shirts, baseball caps, pint glasses and phone cases all about hometown pride.
Target continues to open new flexible format stores across the country. The stores vary in size and assortment, allowing us to create a more locally-relevant experience for guests in urban areas.
But big or small, they all deliver the full Target experience guests love. The rebranding begins in October. Target continues its long history of making sure our global manufacturers meet our high standards for responsible sourcing and labor practices.
In September, we join forces with GoodWeave in support of their mission to end child labor in the rug industry. Target is honored to be among retailers leading the industry in bringing secure chip card payment technology to the U. In August, ahead of the national deadline, we finish equipping all of our Target stores to accept third-party chip cards at checkout. We also begin rolling out our own chip-enabled Target REDcards to guests.
The reissuance process continues in phases over the next year. The first-of-its-kind page insert uses Shazam image-recognition technology, allowing readers to compare the archival images with the reimagined ones, interact with behind-the-scenes content, and shop the Target products.
This fall, plaid takes over Target. The fan-favorite patterns appear on products in nearly every category—throw pillows, Diet Coke, apparel, Chapstick, Listerine and more. Among the highlights? A limited-edition collection of apparel and home products from designer Adam Lippes. Our goal is to help improve the health of the nation by making wellness the way of life—by making healthy eating, active living and clean-label product solutions like simple, recognizable, easy to read ingredients and materials more affordable, accessible and inspiring.
Plans kick off to identify a full range of partnerships and programs dedicated to wellness that build on our legacy of work in education, sustainability, diversity and inclusion, and addressing local community needs. Award-winning makeup artist Sonia Kashuk continues to create coveted Target beauty collections, including her Spring Art of Beauty line with artist Linda Mason.
From upping our total ENERGY STAR certifications to adding solar panels to more of our stores, the commitments are part of our ongoing work to improve our energy efficiency, invest in renewable energy, and lower our overall HFC impact. Target co-founder Bruce Dayton passes away on Nov. In November, The One Spot—the grab-and-go section at the front of our stores known for dollar deals—gets a makeover. As the holiday season approaches, we bring guests captivating new TV spots, in-store displays and digital experiences designed to excite the kid in all of us.
Our marketing campaign, The Holiday Odyssey, tells a season-long story featuring three kids on a journey to light up a Christmas tree, with the spotlight on many of our top holiday toys and products. We also team up with ABC to bring Mary Poppins back to network television for the first time in more than 13 years as part of a special Wonderful World of Disney event.
We usher in the new year with new leaders, as two long-time Target leaders join our executive leadership team. In February, Stephanie Lundquist becomes chief human resources officer. And in July, Don Liu joins the team as executive vice president, chief legal officer and general counsel. We kick off our partnership with the celebrity style and fashion aficionados Who What Wear on a month-by-month collection of apparel and accessories. The first collection of spring looks, including feminine prints, dramatic silhouettes and bold accessories, debuts in stores and on Target.
Our in-house designers, merchants, engineers and marketers incorporate ideas and feedback from guests into a versatile new creative toolkit for the brand with updated colors, fonts and other visuals. The playful new packaging begins hitting shelves in February.
So we create twelve print and pattern themes to give parents and kids the freedom to mix, match and make updates as the youngsters grow over time.
We also share behind-the-scenes views of the video-in-the-making on Periscope, Facebook Live and Snapchat. We travel far and wide to find designers and brands our guests will love. The much-anticipated, limited-edition collection kicks off a fan frenzy — and has us all dreaming of endless summer.
His message of resilience and humility in the face of change inspires and energizes the team. May marks another big leadership milestone. After an extensive search, Target names veteran Mark Tritton pictured at left as our chief merchandising officer. In addition, Jason Goldberger assumes the newly created role of chief digital officer and president, Target.
The change of guard unites all of our media buying and business planning under one agency, and marks the creation of a special team of top digital media, global measurement, innovation and strategy talent to create best-in-class solutions for Target. In June, we begin testing Connected Living, an in-store experience showing guests how internet-connected products like thermostats and door locks can make life easier, more convenient and more efficient than ever. Housed in our Ridgedale location in Minnetonka, Minn.
From an impressive list of more than applications from around the world, Target picks 10 tech-based start-ups to join our first-ever accelerator. In August, we introduce an expanded assortment of Archer Farms coffee with a number of bold new farm-to-cup improvements. The collection stands for a stronger focus on fair and direct trade, a deeper commitment to the environment, and better taste. We introduce Target guests to two amazing brands. And in September, Beautycounter a beauty industry disruptor known for high-quality products made with safer, cleaner ingredients makes its mass-retail exclusive debut at Target, with a limited-edition line of make-up and skincare products.
As a grand opening sponsor, Target hosts a social media tent where visitors share their personal stories and photos using the hashtag MakingHistory. To celebrate the partnership, Garth surprises the Target team with a live performance at our Fall National Meeting.
Target volunteers in several cities take part in day-long build projects, bringing the new playgrounds and surrounding elements to life. Prepping for the holidays can feel like staging a production, so we make some marketing magic to help guests steal the show. Throughout the season we follow a colorful cast of characters, including John Legend, Chrissy Teigen and top toys as they prep for the Toycracker—our modern, Broadway-style take on the Nutcracker. Then, on Dec. Soccer Foundation to build new soccer play spaces by In January, Rick Gomez takes over as chief marketing officer.
In the spring, we team up with internationally known fashion designer Victoria Beckham on a limited-time apparel and accessories collection for women and kids. It debuts in April and quickly becomes one of the biggest collaborations in our history. Our teams make progress on our responsible sourcing aspirations, a set of commitments we made in three important areas: improving worker well-being, achieving net-positive manufacturing and deriving key raw materials from ethical and sustainable sources.
Throughout the year, we build out plans and share new goals, including a new chemical policy and forest products policy, five new sustainable packaging goals, and two new partnerships to help improve worker well-being across our global supply chain. The plans to reimagine the store experience also include opening 30 new small-format stores across the country in to expand our footprint into dense urban neighborhoods and on college campuses.
Our teams continue to test and roll out new technology and services that make our supply chain faster and more efficient. In June, we open a new distribution facility in Perth Amboy, N. We begin testing a same-day delivery service in our Tribeca small-format store that lets guests have their purchases delivered anywhere in Manhattan and parts of Brooklyn and Queens.
And we begin piloting Target Restock in Minneapolis, a service that lets guests use Target. Plus, we make waves and continue to hold No. After six months under construction, we unveil our newly remodeled Nicollet Mall store in the heart of downtown Minneapolis.
Taking a cue from Hollywood, we use computer-generated imagery to create an incredible—and shoppable—degree virtual reality-like living room experience on Target. And, we do some major app overhauls as well. By rolling Cartwheel into the Target App, we make shopping—and saving—at Target even easier.
To give guests even more to love about Target, we announce plans to create more than a dozen new brands. The partnership gives Casper fans the chance to experience the beloved brand in person in Target stores across the country, and earns Target some serious sleep cred.
In August, we announce plans to acquire Grand Junction, a technology company that helps retailers make deliveries faster and more efficiently. The aim? Even faster delivery for our guests, plus new services like same-day delivery and even assembly and installation.
The multi-year partnership will support local communities and families in need, including a redesigned dining room for Target House at St. The significant investment in our team allows Target to continue to recruit and retain strong team members and provide the best for our guests and the communities we serve..
On Dec. As the holidays roll around, we focus on making the season inspiring and easy for guests with a unique assortment, great value all season long and a growing suite of convenient, connected fulfillment options.
As holiday shopping kicks off, our stores take center stage, fulfilling more than 70 percent of our digital volume in November and December through Order Pickup and by shipping items directly to guests—and enabling approximately 80 percent of our sales growth in that period. In May, William J. Foudy, Jr. We also welcome two new members to our board of directors: Dmitri Stockton, a former senior vice president at General Electric; and George S.
Barrett, former chairman and chief executive officer of Cardinal Health, Inc. We team up with local brand Askov Finlayson on a limited-edition product collection, and our in-house design team creates the official volunteer uniforms.
We continue our efforts to introduce more than a dozen new only-at-Target brands to our owned-brand portfolio. In June, we launch Made By Design, another Home brand with more than beautiful, purposeful pieces that guests can count on for superior quality, style and value season after season. Come fall, we debut Prologue—modern, sophisticated apparel for women. Soccer Foundation. In March, we announce a design collaboration with British heritage brand Hunter to create limited-edition, exclusive versions of their iconic rain boots, protective outerwear, backpacks and more.
Leading up to its release, we debut the look book and celebrate the partnership with a family festival and concert in Pasadena, California. On April 14, the collection launches in stores and online. We accelerate our plans to reimagine more than 1, stores across the country by the end of with elements from our next generation of store design to make shopping easier and more inspiring for guests.
We continue our corporate responsibility commitments with the introduction of a freshwater stewardship approach that builds on our existing water management aspirations.
Created in partnership with World Wildlife Fund and designed to help us deliver on the UN Sustainable Development Goals, it addresses how Target can help improve water quality, optimize water efficiency and increase access to clean water in our communities around the world. This spring, we introduce eight new cosmetic brands to our growing beauty assortment, expanding our range of shade options to make sure we meet the unique beauty needs of our guests.
Previously, most of the brands were only available online, so this also marks the first time guests can buy them in stores across the U. In April, guests in the Dallas-Fort Worth area are among the first to test out Target Red, a new pilot loyalty program with exclusive benefits, such as savings on future shopping trips and the chance to vote for local organizations to receive Target community giving donations.
The limited-time collection brims with gummy bear graphic tees, banana-patterned separates, pastel roller skates and beyond.
And the cherry on top? Over in our freezer section, guests can also nab seven premium, Target-exclusive ice cream flavors, from Churro Churro to Vanillionaire. In September, we introduce the Target Fun Run sale—a special week-long event that serves up amazing deals while showcasing some of the services that make shopping—and saving—super easy at Target.
Guests snap up some of our very best Cartwheel deals, save big on Shipt memberships, get special REDcard promos and more. To better connect with young guests, we launch three new Target owned brands, all designed with Gen Z in mind: Wild Fable and Original Use trend-forward apparel and accessories for young women and men and Heyday stylish and affordable electronics and tech accessories.
We also introduce Target Incubator, a program helping entrepreneurs-in-the-making nurture and grow their better-for-people or better-for-the-planet businesses. In October, we open our first store in the state of Vermont—a small-format located in a former retail space in South Burlington near the University of Vermont.
The year marks big changes for toy retailers, and as the holidays approach, we focus our resources to pick up market share. By adding more than 2, new and exclusive toys to our assortment; offering new, reimagined experiences in our toy aisles and online; and dedicating more space in our catalogs, ads and promotions, we show guests Target is the place to go for all things toys.
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